Octopuses are predisposed to bipedal locomotion. An octopus is capable of unscrewing a lid from a jar. In a laboratory setting, researchers are careful to secure tanks where they have octopuses because the octopus is known to push the lids off tanks and subsequently walk throughout a lab. Mather (1994) has also described how some octopuses improve crevices in rocks where they take shelter, enlarging the cavity by removing stones and sand and bringing stones, shells, claws from molted crabs, and even bottles to partly block the entrance. In addition to manipulating objects, octopus suckers are constantly gathering information about their environment, including tactile and chemical signals (Courage 2013b, 157). The octopus’s ability to use its suckers to taste and grab demonstrates both consciousness and subjective behavior. Octopuses are known to build shelters (Mather 1995). The ink it squirts is not only used for camouflage but, also to harm its enemies. This cephalopod is not only capable of changing color but it can also modify its texture. The octopus is capable of rapid camouflage. It is capable of propelling itself at speeds of up to 25 mph. When observed in its natural habitat, the octopus can be seen both walking and running. Further, the octopus has eight arms, three hearts, blue blood (because their blood is higher in copper as opposed to iron), and suckers which can taste and grab. However, it has yet to be determined if the octopus can detect color. The octopus has two eyes which are near-sighted and that are capable of detecting polarized light (polarized light waves are light waves in which the vibrations occur in a single plane). NOAA Photo Library Characteristicsīecause it does not have a backbone, the octopus can maneuver in and out of very small spaces, often within an area comparable to the size of a human eye. NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program, Galapagos Rift Expedition 2011. This octopus and several like it were observed at approximately 2500 meters. Closeup of octopus in space between two large rocks.
Although it originally had a shell, the octopus lost it during the late Jurassic (140 million years ago). Evidence found in fossils from the Cambrian period (500 million years ago) indicates that they have been around for a long time.
Furthermore, cephalopods are all members of the mollusk phylum (Mollusca), making them relatives of similarly spineless snails, slugs, and oysters (mollis means “soft” in Latin) (Courage 2013b, 5). Octopuses, squid, cuttlefish, and nautiluses make up the cephalopod group (cephalopoda, from the Latin for “head-foot”). The octopus is an invertebrate, meaning that it does not have a backbone. NOAA Photo LibraryĪn octopus is a marine animal that has a soft rounded body with eight long flexible arms about its base which have sucking disks able to seize and hold things (as prey). An octopus, Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Mexico.
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